Moulds in your home

Moulds are, like mushrooms and toadstools, types of fungi. Moulds can be very helpful to humans - penicillin is derived from the Penicillium mould and moulds make the blue parts of delicious cheeses such as Stilton, Gorgonzola and Roquefort.

But some people are sensitive to the presence of moulds and suffer from allergic reactions to them. It is also possible for people suffering from chronic lung infections to develop mould infections in their lungs.

Where are moulds found?

Moulds are pretty much everywhere, in and outdoors. They particularly thrive in wet or humid conditions, especially in shady areas. In the home they will typically be found in bathrooms, showers, and basements.

What health problems can they cause?

Moulds spread via spores which can float in the air. If they settle in a wet or damp spot they will begin growing. As part of this process the mould can produce allergens and even toxic substances. These substances and the mould spores themselves can cause allergic reactions in some people.

What are the symptoms?

The symptoms can be similar to hay fever, for instance a runny nose, sneezing, red eyes and skin rash.

Moulds can also trigger asthma attacks.

Preventing moulds from growing

Good ventilation is important. Open a window or run an extractor fan when showering, cooking, using tumble dryers or dishwashers etc.

Keep surfaces free of moisture. If condensation occurs, clean the surface as soon as possible.

Attend to all leaks as quickly as you can.

Keep humidity low - ideally below 60%. Air conditioning units can help in times of high humidity.

Treating mould

You cannot prevent mould spores from getting into your house - they are always going to be floating in the air. If you have mould growths, then you need to clean these and also find the source of moisture and treat it.

Generally mould growth can be easily removed with soap and water, or a mild bleach solution - test a small part of the surface first before applying bleach. Alternatively, you can use a commercial mould treatment. In either case, wear non-porous gloves and eye protection when using such products.

This article was published on Wed 2 December 2009